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"/> 如果这些“感冒”症状来得又急又凶，可能不是普通感冒，而是流脑！_搜狐网

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如果这些“感冒”症状来得又急又凶，可能不是普通感冒，而是流脑！

江苏疾控
2026-04-07 20:06

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流脑，全称“流行性脑脊髓膜炎”，是由脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的急性呼吸道传染病。它起病急、进展快，像一名隐蔽的“刺客”， 延迟治疗可能会增加重症和死亡风险。但别担心，科学防控，完全可以守护健康！

一、流脑有哪些特点

潜伏期1～7天：有些人感染后没有症状，却能传染给他人。

起病急，发展快：突发高烧、剧烈头痛、频繁呕吐；几小时内可能出现皮肤瘀点、瘀斑，甚至危及生命。

后遗症严重：幸存者中约10%～20%可能留下听力丧失、神经损伤等永久性伤害。

二、哪些人更容易中招

展开剩余 62 %

学生与集体生活人群，在宿舍、教室、工厂等密集场所易传播。

1岁以下婴儿和青少年是流脑的高发人群。

免疫力低下者，如患有某些免疫功能相关疾病的人。

前往疾病流行高风险地区的旅行者，如去非洲“脑膜炎带”国家或参加朝觐的人群等。

三、三道防线，筑牢健康屏障

接种疫苗最有效

接种流脑疫苗是预防流脑最有力的武器。

我国已经将A群、C群流脑疫苗纳入国家免疫规划，对儿童免费接种。

另外还有含ACWY群的自费流脑疫苗可供选择。

养成良好卫生习惯

勤洗手、多通风，每天开窗至少3次，每次不少于10分钟。

流行季节少去人多拥挤、空气不流通的地方。

早发现，早就医

出现以下症状，请立即就医：

●突发高热

●剧烈头痛

●喷射性呕吐

●精神萎靡

●皮肤出现瘀点、瘀斑

特别提醒：如果“感冒”症状来势汹汹，或伴有头痛加重、精神状态变差，千万不要硬扛，尽早就医是关键。

流脑虽然凶险，但可防可控。科学防护，不紧张，不轻视，让我们一起守护健康！

/健康科普/

发布于：江苏省

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